Archive for December, 2011
How to use SWMM 5 DOS to make an Output Table in the RPT file
Posted by dickinsonre in How to use SWMM 5 DOS to make an Output Table in the RPT file, swmm5 on December 31, 2011
Subject: How to use SWMM 5 DOS to make an Output Table in the RPT file
You can make tables of the node, link and Subcatchment output data in SWMM 5 if you use the DOS SWMM 5 program but not the Windows DLL. Step 1 is to create the DOS batch file, Step 2 is to select the nodes, links and subcatchments, Step 3 is to run the batch file and Step 4 is to view the RPT tables or extract the data to Excel. You can do this directly in the InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM graphical user interfaces by using Run Manager, Step 5 to select the nodes, links and subcatchments and Step 6 to view the tables in the browser.
Step 1. Make a Batch File to call the DOS SWMM 5
swmm5.exe Example1.inp D:\swmm5.0.022\bob.rpt
pause
Step 2. Add the nodes, links and subcatchments tables you want to generate in the RPT file
[REPORT]
CONTROLS NO
LINKS ALL
NODES ALL
SUBCATCHMENTS ALL
Step 3. Run the Batch file
Step 4. Extract the Tables from the RPT File of SWMM 5
<<< Node 17 >>>
———————————————————————————
Inflow Flooding Depth Head TSS Lead
Date Time CFS CFS feet feet MG/L UG/L
———————————————————————————
JAN-01-1998 01:00:00 0.000 0.000 0.000 980.000 0.000 0.000
JAN-01-1998 02:00:00 5.910 0.000 0.608 980.608 26.065 5.213
JAN-01-1998 03:00:00 11.935 0.000 0.887 980.887 22.826 4.565
JAN-01-1998 04:00:00 18.291 0.000 1.143 981.143 21.176 4.235
JAN-01-1998 05:00:00 12.640 0.000 0.916 980.916 22.426 4.485
JAN-01-1998 06:00:00 3.925 0.000 0.493 980.493 27.578 5.516
JAN-01-1998 07:00:00 0.388 0.000 0.161 980.161 38.134 7.627
JAN-01-1998 08:00:00 0.067 0.000 0.071 980.071 26.937 5.387
JAN-01-1998 09:00:00 0.029 0.000 0.048 980.048 1.878 0.376
Step 5. InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM dialog for selecting nodes, links and subcatchments for generating a detailed RPT file table.
Step 6. Sample InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM RPT Tables if Report Options is used.
InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM are different graphical user interfaces with similar tools to the current version of SWMM 5. They both use a C++ engine built around the C code engine of SWMM 5. Most of these blogs apply to SWMM 5, InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM.
Making a Model in SWMM 5
Posted by dickinsonre in Making a Model, swmm5 on December 28, 2011
RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer
Posted by dickinsonre in RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer, swmm5 on December 28, 2011
Subject: RDII or Tri Triangular Unit Hydrograph in InfoSewer
The RDII method in InfoSewer is similar to the RDII or RTK method in InfoSWMM with some differences. The RTK data for triangles 1, 2 and 3 are defined in the Unit Hydrograph but instead of individual R values, the overall R is set and the Percent R1, R2 and R3 are defined based on the total R. R3 is calculated internally as 100 – R1 – R2. Each loading manhole with RDII flow has a total area, a hyetograph and a Unit Hydrograph. The hyetograph has to be set at multiples of the unit hydrograph, so you can define the time or X columns with integers and then use the Block Edit command to change X to minutes by multiplying by the Unit Hydrograph time (Figure 1). You can use only one component if you set R1 or R2 to 100 percent or R3 to 100 percent by setting R1 and R2 to 0 percent (Figure 2). The overall area of the Unit Hydrograph is divided amongst the loading manhole using the Subbasin Area (Figure 3). The storm flows generated can be viewed using a Group Graph (Figure 4).
Figure 1. Hyetograph Curve for the RDII Unit Hydrograph
Figure 2. The Unit Hydrograph is defined for various values of R, R1, R2, T1, T2, T3, K1, K2 and K3.
Figure 3. The Unit Hydrograph and Hyetograph are tied to a particular loading manhole using a Subbasin Area.
Figure 4. The Unit Hydrographs that are generated can be viewed using a Group loading Manhole Graph. The R1, R2 and R3 have only one triangle.
How is the Maximum Link Flow Applied in SWMM 5?
Posted by dickinsonre in How is the Maximum Link Flow Applied in SWMM 5?, swmm5 on December 25, 2011
Subject: How is the Maximum Link Flow Applied in SWMM 5?
The maximum flow limit for a link applies to the kinematic wave and the dynamic wave solution. The inflow to the link in the kinematic wave solution is limited (Figure 1) but the calculated link flow is limited in the dynamic wave solution after the link flow (Figure 2):
1. Is checked using the Culvert Inlet Equations (optional)
2. The normal flow equation is checked (internally optional depending on the Normal flow options) and
3. The Picard iteration solution under relaxation parameter (always 0.5) is applied (Figure 3).
Figure 1. Kinematic Wave Solution Limits the Inflow to the Link Maximum limit.
Figure 2. Dynamic Wave Solution link flow limit.
Figure 3. The Link flow in the dynamic wave solution has three checks at each iteration in a time step.
Adverse Slope Convention in SWMM 5
Posted by dickinsonre in Adverse Slope Convention in SWMM 5, swmm5 on December 24, 2011
Subject: Adverse Slope Convention in SWMM 5
If the slope of a link is negative and the solution is dynamic wave then the following data will be switched in link.c in SWMM 5. All upstream data for the link is switched to the downstream end of the link and vice versa. The means that if the flow is from the original upstream node to the downstream node the flow will be negative in the output of SWMM 5.
Negative flow in SWMM 5 means:
1. The link has an adverse or negative slope,
2. The link has reverse flow if the link slope is positive.
Weather InfoGraphics
Posted by dickinsonre in swmm5 on December 22, 2011
How to make a shape file from a Output Relate in InfoSWMM
Posted by dickinsonre in How to make a shape file from a Output Related in InfoSWMM, swmm5 on December 16, 2011
Note: How to make a shape file from a Output Relate in InfoSWMM:
Step 1. Make an Output Relate for the Conduit Summary Table using the Operation Tab in Attribute Browser.
Step 2: Using the GIS Gateway you can save q/Q and d/D to a shape file that can then be added to the Arc GIS Table of Contents
Step 3. You now have a Shape File for the value of q/Q or Flow over Full Flow. You can also use the Symbology Tab in Data Properties to color and/or make bar charts and bubble charts from the summary q/Q and d/D values during the simulation for each link.
InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM Facility Manager
Posted by dickinsonre in InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM Facility Manager, swmm5 on December 13, 2011
The InfoSWMM Facility Manager offers the knowledgeable engineer complete control what elements are simulated in her or his model. You can make active or inactivate elements based the type of Network Element, A Network Path, A Mouse Drawn Map Selection, The Domain, A selection set, a DB Query, a Query Set and a Special Query. You can make the simulated network smaller or larger depending on your simulation or calibration requirements. For example, you can have a whole basin network but model only a branch or a subset of the network if you are using the Calibrator or Designer Addons.
How to Find the Proportional loading to a link or manhole in InfoSewer
Posted by dickinsonre in How to Find the Proportional loading to a link or manhole in InfoSewer, swmm5 on December 12, 2011
Subject: How to Find the Proportional loading to a link or manhole in InfoSewer
You can use the Upstream Trace tool in InfoSewer to find the upstream nodes and links from any link in InfoSewer. Once you have the upstream traced network then add the traced upstream nodes and links to the domain. Once you have the domain then these steps will allow you to calculate the proportion of flows from each upstream node and map the proportion using Map Display.
Step 1. Use the Tool Trace Upstream Network to find and make a Domain out of the Traced upstream Network
Step 2. The Traced Upstream Network
Step 3. Use the created domain in Output Report Tabular Reports
Step 4. Copy the ID and Total Flow from the Loading Manhole Report
Step 5. Use the Domain in the DB Table Manhole Infomation
Step 6. Create a new information field called Proportion for example
Step 7. Map the new data field proportion using Map Display
Step 8. Now you have a Map Display of the Proportional loading to a link or manhole in InfoSewer
Step 9. 40 percent of the flow comes from one node an the other 60 percent comes from the other node to the link with a d/D over 0.5.
How to Use Bing Maps in InfoSWMM as a Basemap
Posted by dickinsonre in How to Use Bing Maps in InfoSWMM as a Basemap, swmm5 on December 11, 2011
Note: How to Use Bing Maps in InfoSWMM as a Basemap
A great feature of Arc GIS 10 is the ability to use background maps from Bing for your model. A few steps are necessary to set up the coordinates, import the basemap, clip the basemap and set the new extents:
Step 1. Set the Current Coordinate System for the intended network.
Step 2. Add the Aerial Basemap from Bing Maps.
Step 3. The Base Map has to be clipped and zoomed.
Step 4. Zoom to your network and clip the rest of the Map out of the Maximum Extents.
Step 5. Set the Maximum Extents of your Network using the Data Frame Tab in Data Frame Properties.
Step 6. You can also set the background color for the area outside of the clipped Base Map if you so desire using the Frame Tab.
Step 7. You now can add nodes and links and view the locale using Google Street View or other using the Tools Prefences.
Connecting Infrastructure To The Internet from the Dish
Posted by dickinsonre in Connecting Infrastructure To The Internet from the Dish, swmm5 on December 10, 2011
Connecting Infrastructure To The Internet from the Dish
Engineers can now link a building’s rainwater catchment system to weather predictions from the Internet. Alerted city services can then empty water storage basins so that stormwater doesn’t flood our sewers:
It may sound like a trivial problem, but the EPA estimates that the U.S. has $13 billion invested in wastewater infrastructure alone. More importantly, the majority of America’s largest cities–more than 700 in all–dump millions of gallons of raw sewage into our waterways every time it rains, because their sewer and stormwater systems were designed a century ago. …
Giving building planners the assurance that they’ll always have access to a free water supply means they can actually use it. And putting these on enough buildings could go a long way to solving the problem of combined sewer and stormwater systems being overwhelmed when it rains.
(Photo: Residents try to unblock a sewage grate to free floodwater on Coney Island after Hurricane Irene hit New York, August 28, 2011. By Emmanuel Dunand/AFP/Getty Images)
http://andrewsullivan.thedailybeast.com/2011/12/connecting-infrastructure-to-the-internet.html
Sensitivity Analysis in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM
Posted by dickinsonre in Sensitivity Analysis in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM, swmm5 on December 10, 2011
Subject: Sensitivity Analysis in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM
It is easy to perform sensitivity analysis in InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM using the Scenario Manager, Dataset manager, Block Edit in the Database Editor, Batch Simulation and the Report Manager. For example, we will do a sensitivity analysis for the Subcatchment Width (one the physical parameters in the Subcatchment analysis of SWMM 5 – see Figure 1). The width is normally the area divided by the overland path length but there are many common means of calculating the width.
Figure 1. Physical Data used in the Calculation of Surface Runoff using the Non Linear Reservoir Routing method in SWMM 5.
Figure 2. The base scenario for our sensitivity analysis.
There are seven main steps in the sensitivity analysis of the width:
Step 1. Use the Scenario Explorer to make Child Scenarios from the Base Scenario. For ease of understanding we will name each of the Child Scenario’s the percent change in the width parameter. Thus, W-50, will be the Base Width Plus 50 percent.
Step 2. Use the Dataset Manager to create different Subcatchment Sets that will be used for each of the Scenario’s. Again for ease of understanding we will use the name S_W+50 etc for the Sets to match the change in the Width Parameter.
Step 3. Use the Scenario Manger to choose the right Subcatchment Set for Each Scenario.
Step 4. Use the Database Editor to Edit and modify the Width of Each Subcatchment Set.
Step 5. Use the Block Edit tool to multiply the Base Width Value by the needed value, 1.25, 1.50, 0.75, 0.50
Step 6. Use the Batch Simulation Command to run all of the Scenario’s.
Step 7. Use Report Manager and the tool Compare Graphs to graph the results of Each Scenario together.
Step 8. In Report Manager you can produce a table that shows the runoff for each of the different scenarios.
How InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM Reads CUHP Hydrographs
Posted by dickinsonre in How InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM Reads CUHP Hydrographs, swmm5 on December 7, 2011
Note: The Colorado Urban Hydrograph Procedure (CHUP) 2010 version generates a SWMM 5 Inflows Files containing a time series of flow inflows for 1 to many nodes (Figure 4 and Figure 5). The created Inflows file (Figure 2) can be imported into InfoSWMM and H2MAP SWMM without any alteration by using the Files command in Run Manager (Figure 1) and graphed using the Output Manager of InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM (Figure 3).
Figure 1. Location of Files Command in Run Manager
The inflows will be read from the Inflows file, which has this format:
Figure 2. Header format of the CUHP Exported Hydrograph File
InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM will match the Node Names in the Inflows file to the network node names and import and interpolate the inflows based on the Inflows time step and your hydraulic time step to generate Lateral Inflow Hydrographs
Figure 3. InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM Lateral Inflow Hydrographs
Figure 4. CHUP Inflows File Descrpiption in the CUHP manual.
Figure 5. Cover of CUHP 2005 User Manual from 2010
How to Make Contours in InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM
Posted by dickinsonre in How to Make Contours in InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM, swmm5 on December 3, 2011
Subject: How to Make Contours in InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM
It is easy to make contours out of node input data or node output data in InfoSWMM and H2oMAP SWMM using the Contour Tool in the Contour Tab of the Attribute Browser. You can control the resolution and the type of smoothing for the created contour (Figure 1). If you have InfoSWMM Suite you can use the Contour to DEM command in the Subcatchment Manager to convert the created Contour to an Elevation or DEM file (Figure 2 and Figure 3). The Layer properties for the created elevation can be altered in Arc GIS to make a better visual depiction of the elevation (Figure 4).
Figure 1. Contour Tool in the Contour Tab of the Attribute Browser.
Figure 2. Contour to DEM command in the InfoSWMM Subcatchment Manager will convert the created Contour to an Elevation or DEM file.
Figure 3. Convert the Value Field and NOT the level Field of the contour.
Figure 4. The Arc GIS Layer properties can be used to alter the default color ramp and the number of classes used in the color ramp.
Mind The Crap From the Dish
Posted by dickinsonre in Mind The Crap From the Dish, swmm5 on December 3, 2011
Mind The Crap From the Dish
Sally Aldee fell in the Thames and gashed her leg, a prospect that horrified every medical professional she met. She subsequently traced the river’s pollution from Victorian times to today:
The river – which by the way was both the source of the city’s drinking water and the repository for all its poop – became choleric and pestilent. In the summer of 1858, the fumes became so bad they got a name. The “Great Stink” forced members of Parliament to write the legislation that gave the all-clear to Joseph Bazalgette, London’s chief engineer of public works, to build the two massive interceptor sewers that catch London’s sewage and run-off before they’re belched into the Thames. To this day, these brick and mortar Victorian artifacts comprise the backbone of London’s sewer system. …
http://andrewsullivan.thedailybeast.com/2011/12/mind-the-crap.html
Storage Volume vs Depth Equation in SWMM 5
Posted by dickinsonre in Storage Volume vs Depth Equation in SWMM 5, swmm5 on December 3, 2011
Subject: Storage Volume vs Depth Equation in SWMM 5
A storage node in SWMM 5 can have either a functional form or a tabular depth/area table. The area functional form of a storage node is:
Area = A * Depth^B + C and the Volume has the form in node.c of the SWMM 5 of
Volume = A/(B+1)*Depth^(1+B) + C*Depth
For example if C is 25 square meters, A is 20 and the exponent B is 0.5 we get the following values for area and volume and you can also plot a Scatter Plot of Volume vs Depth in SWMM 5 (Figure 1).
|
Depth |
Area |
Volume |
|
Meters |
M^2 |
M^3 |
|
0 |
0.00 |
0.00 |
|
1 |
45.00 |
38.33 |
|
2 |
78.28 |
87.71 |
|
3 |
109.64 |
144.28 |
|
4 |
140.00 |
206.67 |
|
5 |
169.72 |
274.07 |
|
6 |
198.99 |
345.96 |
|
7 |
227.92 |
421.94 |
|
8 |
256.57 |
501.70 |
|
9 |
285.00 |
585.00 |
|
10 |
313.25 |
671.64 |
|
11 |
341.33 |
761.44 |
|
12 |
369.28 |
854.26 |
Table 1. Area and Volume for a Storage Node in SWMM 5.
Figure 1. You can use a Scatter Graph in SWMM 5 to show the relationship between Volume and Depth.
Lambda Calculus in the SWMM 5 Dynamic Wave Solution
Posted by dickinsonre in Lambda Calculus in the SWMM 5 Dynamic Wave Solution, swmm5 on December 2, 2011
Subject: Lambda Calculus in the SWMM 5 Dynamic Wave Solution
SWMM 5 uses the method of Successive under-relaxation to solve the Node Continuity Equation and the Link Momentum/Continuity Equation for a time step. The dynamic wave solution in dynwave.c will use up to 8 iterations to reach convergence before moving onto the next time step. The differences between the link flows and node depths are typically small (in a non pumping system) and normally converge within a few iterations unless you are using too large a time step. The number of iterations is a minimum of two with the 1st iteration NOT using the under-relaxation parameter omega. The solution method can be term successive approximation, fixed iteration or Picard Iteration, fixed-point combinatory, iterated function and Lambda Calculus. In computer science, iterated functions occur as a special case of recursive functions, which in turn anchor the study of such broad topics as lambda calculus, or narrower ones, such as the denotational semantics of computer programs (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iterated_function).
In the SWMM 5 application of this various named iteration process there are three main concepts for starting, iterating and stopping the iteration process during one time step:
· The 1st guess of the new node depth or link flow is the current link flow (Figure 3) and the new estimated node depths and link flows are used at each iteration to estimate the new time step depth or flow. For example, in the node depth (H) equation dH/dt = dQ/A the value of dQ or the change in flow and the value of A or Area is updated at each iteration based on the last iteration’s value of all node depths and link flows.
· A bound or a bracket on each node depth or link flow iteration value is used by averaging the last iteration value with the new iteration value. This places a boundary on how fast a node depth or link flow can change per iteration – it is always ½ of the change during the iteration (Figure 1).
· The Stopping Tolerance (Figure 2) determines how many iterations it takes to reach convergence and move out of the iteration process for this time step to the next time step.
Figure 1. Under relaxation with an omega value of ½ is done on iterations 2 through a possible 8 in SWMM 5. This is not done for iteration 1.
Figure 2. if the change in the Node Depth is less than the stopping tolerance in SWMM 5 the node is considered converged. The stopping tolerance has a default value of 0.005 feet in SWMM 5.0.022.
Figure 3. The differences between the link flows and node depths are typically small (in a non pumping system) and normally converge within a few iterations unless you are using too large a time step. The number of iterations is a minimum of two with the 1st iteration NOT using the under-relaxation parameter omega.
InfoSWMM Selection Set and Domain Manager
Posted by dickinsonre in InfoSWMM Selection Set and Domain Manager, swmm5 on December 1, 2011
Subject: InfoSWMM Selection Set and Domain Manager
You can use the Domain to easily make selection sets using these two steps. You make a Domain which is the areas of the network you are interested in at the current time and then save your Domain of Interest in a Selection Set.
Step 1: Go to Domain Manager and use Map Selection, Query or the Network to make a domain
Step 2. Go to Selection Sets in the Operation Tab of the Attribute Browser and make a New Set and load the domain into your set.
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You are currently browsing the archives for December, 2011
SWMM 5 Posterous- Country of Samoa Chooses Innovyze Smart Water and Sewer Network Modeling Solutions May 29, 2012
- Saving to previous versions of ArcGIS in InfoSWMM and InfoSewer May 29, 2012
- Historical SWMM 5 and SWMM 4 Engines and Examples May 28, 2012
- Link Iterations in the SWMM 5 Dynamic Wave Solution May 27, 2012
- How is the St Venant Equation Solved for in the Dynamic Wave Solution of SWMM 5? May 26, 2012
- SWMM 5 Precipitation Options May 26, 2012
- SWMM 5 Leaping Weir Example May 24, 2012
- Force Main Friction Loss in InfoSWMM and the Transition from Partial to Full Flow May 24, 2012
- Dry lands getting drier, wet getting wetter: Earths water cycle intensifying with atmospheric warming May 22, 2012
- Upcoming Conferences, User Groups, Seminars and Webinars May 17, 2012
- Innovyze Releases InfoMaster Sewer; Next Generation Analytics-Centric Asset Management for Smart Water Networks for Digital Utilities May 15, 2012
- Saving an Output Relate in InfoSWMM directly to Excel using Arc Tool Box May 14, 2012
- Example DUPUIT-FORCHHEIMER APPROXIMATION FOR SUBSURFACE FLOW Model in SWMM 5 May 13, 2012
- Example Groundwater Model in SWMM 5 May 13, 2012
- Example SWMM 5 Snowmelt Model May 12, 2012
- My History with Various Versions of SWMM: SWMM3, SWMM4, SWMM5, XP-SWMM and InfoSWMM May 6, 2012
- Runoff Routing Options Example in SWMM 5 May 6, 2012
- Example FM SWMM 5 model with and without Surcharge Depth May 5, 2012
- How to Edit the Subcatchment Polygons in InfoSWMM with Arc Map April 25, 2012
- Average Residence time in InfoSWMM and H2OMAP SWMM April 25, 2012
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