2.3.1 Flow Calculator (Simple in Innovyze H2OCalc)

The Flow Calculator category performs hydraulic calculations for the following elements: Circular Channel, Rectangular Channel, Triangular Channel, Trapezoidal Channel, Irregular Channel, and Pressurized Pipe.

Circular Channel

The circular channel dialog box is shown below.

Input for circular channel:

• Flow Unit – Select the desired flow unit.
• Head Loss Equation – Choose between the Manning, Kutter, Darcy-Weisbach (Colebrook-White) and Hazen-Williams friction loss calculation methods.
• Solving Target – Select the hydraulic parameter to solve for.
• Coefficient – The channel roughness coefficient.
• Slope – Channel longitudinal slope.
• Depth – Channel normal depth.
• Diameter – Circular channel inside diameter.

Output for circular channel:

• Flow Area – Flow cross-sectional area.
• Wetted Perimeter – Channel wetted perimeter.
• Hydraulic Radius – Flow area divided by the wetted perimeter.
• Velocity – Flow velocity.
• Velocity Head – Energy of flow velocity.
• Top Width – Length of free top water surface (zero for full flow condition).
• Critical Depth – Depth of water under minimum specific energy.
• Critical Slope – Channel slope under critical depth.
• Specific Energy – Velocity head plus pressure head.
• Froude Number – Flow characteristics dimensionless parameter.
• Flow Type – Subcritical or supercritical flow characteristics in channel.
• Percent Full – Percentage of actual channel flow depth based on full flow.
• Full Discharge – Channel flow rate when flowing full.
• Full Slope – Channel slope under full flow.
• Maximum Discharge – Flow rate when flow depth equals 0.938 times circular channel diameter (applies only to circular channel).
• Discharge (Q) – Uniform channel flow rate.

Rectangular Channel

The rectangular channel dialog box is shown below.

Input for rectangular channel:

• Flow Unit – Select the desired flow unit.
• Head Loss Equation – Choose between the Manning, Kutter, Darcy-Weisbach (Colebrook-White) and Hazen-Williams friction loss calculation methods.
• Solving Target – Select the hydraulic parameter to solve for.
• Coefficient – The channel roughness coefficient.
• Slope – Channel longitudinal slope.
• Depth – Channel normal depth.
• Bottom Width – Width of the channel.

Output for rectangular channel:

• Flow Area – Wetted area.
• Wetted Perimeter – Channel wetted perimeter.
• Hydraulic Radius – Flow area divided by the wetted perimeter.
• Velocity – Flow velocity.
• Velocity Head – Energy of flow velocity.
• Top Width – Length of free top water surface (same as bottom width at all depths).
• Critical Depth – Depth of water under minimum specific energy.
• Critical Slope – Channel slope under critical depth.
• Specific Energy – Velocity head plus pressure head.
• Froude Number – Flow characteristics dimensionless parameter.
• Flow Type – Subcritical or supercritical flow characteristics in channel.
• Discharge (Q) – Uniform channel flow rate.

Triangular Channel

The triangular channel dialog box is shown below.

Input for triangular channel:

• Flow Unit – Select the desired flow unit.
• Head Loss Equation – Choose between the Manning, Kutter, Darcy-Weisbach (Colebrook-White) and Hazen-Williams friction loss calculation methods.
• Solving Target – Select the hydraulic parameter to solve for.
• Coefficient – The channel roughness coefficient.
• Slope – Channel longitudinal slope.
• Depth – Channel normal depth.
• Left Side Slope – Horizontal increase in channel width per unit increase in depth (H: 1V) for the left side of the channel.
• Right Side Slope – Horizontal increase in channel width per unit increase in depth (H: 1V) for the right side of the channel.

Output for triangular channel:

• Flow Area – Wetted area.
• Wetted Perimeter – Channel wetted perimeter.
• Hydraulic Radius – Flow area divided by the wetted perimeter.
• Velocity – Flow velocity.
• Velocity Head – Energy of flow velocity.
• Top Width – Length of free top water surface.
• Critical Depth – Depth of water under minimum specific energy.
• Critical Slope – Channel slope under critical depth.
• Specific Energy – Velocity head plus pressure head.
• Froude Number – Flow characteristics dimensionless parameter.
• Flow Type – Subcritical or supercritical flow characteristics in channel.
• Discharge (Q) – Uniform channel flow rate.

Trapezoidal Channel

The trapezoidal channel dialog box is shown below.

Input for trapezoidal channel:

• Flow Unit – Select the desired flow unit.
• Head Loss Equation – Choose between the Manning, Kutter, Darcy-Weisbach (Colebrook-White) and Hazen-Williams friction loss calculation methods.
• Solving Target – Select the hydraulic parameter to solve for.
• Coefficient – The channel roughness coefficient.
• Slope – Channel longitudinal slope.
• Depth – Channel normal depth.
• Bottom Width – Bed width of the channel.
• Left Side Slope – Horizontal increase in channel width per unit increase in depth (H: 1V) for the left side of the channel.
• Right Side Slope – Horizontal increase in channel width per unit increase in depth (H: 1V) for the right side of the channel.

Output for trapezoidal channel:

• Flow Area – Wetted area.
• Wetted Perimeter – Channel wetted perimeter.
• Hydraulic Radius – Flow area divided by the wetted perimeter.
• Velocity – Flow velocity.
• Velocity Head – Energy of flow velocity.
• Top Width – Length of free top water surface.
• Critical Depth – Depth of water under minimum specific energy.
• Critical Slope – Channel slope under critical depth.
• Specific Energy – Velocity head plus pressure head.
• Froude Number – Flow characteristics dimensionless parameter.
• Flow Type – Subcritical or supercritical flow characteristics in channel.
• Discharge (Q) – Uniform channel flow rate.

Irregular Channel

The irregular channel dialog box is shown below.

Input for irregular channel:

• Flow Unit – Select the desired flow unit.
• Head Loss Equation – Choose between the Manning, Kutter, Darcy-Weisbach (Colebrook-White) and Hazen-Williams friction loss calculation methods.
• Solving Target – Select the hydraulic parameter to solve for.
• Slope – Channel longitudinal slope.
• Water Surface Elevation – Elevation corresponding to the water depth.
• Channel Cross Section – Station vs. Elevation data that represents shape of the channel. The Edit Section button initiates the irregular channel editor shown below.
• Left Bank Coefficient – Roughness coefficient for the left bank of the channel.
• Right Bank Coefficient – Roughness coefficient for the right bank of the channel.
• Channel Coefficient – Roughness coefficient for the main (center) channel.
• Main Channel Bank Stations – Stations at which the main channel ends and the banks start from either side of the channel (i.e., left and right).

Output for irregular channel:

• Flow Area – Wetted area.
• Wetted Perimeter – Channel wetted perimeter.
• Hydraulic Radius – Flow area divided by the wetted perimeter.
• Velocity – Flow velocity.
• Velocity Head – Energy of flow velocity.
• Top Width – Length of free top water surface.
• Critical Depth – Depth of water under minimum specific energy.
• Critical Slope – Channel slope under critical depth.
• Specific Energy – Velocity head plus pressure head.
• Froude Number – Flow characteristics dimensionless parameter.
• Flow Type – Subcritical or supercritical flow characteristics in channel.
• Depth – Flow depth.
• Elevation Range – Difference in elevations at the top and at the bottom of the channel.
• Discharge (Q) – Uniform channel flow rate.

The dialog box for irregular channel cross-section editor is shown below. The inputs are described above along with the irregular channels inputs.

Pressurized Pipe

The pressurized pipe calculator applies the energy equation between two points (points 1 and 2) and evaluates the outputs listed below. The pressurized pipe dialog box is shown below.

Input for pressurized pipe:

• Flow Unit – Select the desired flow unit.
• Head Loss Equation – Choose between the Manning, Kutter, Darcy-Weisbach (Colebrook-White) and Hazen-Williams friction loss calculation methods.
• Solving Target – Select the hydraulic parameter to solve for.
• Coefficient – The channel roughness coefficient.
• Diameter – Circular pipe diameter.
• Length – Pipe length.
• Pressure at 1– Pressure at the upstream end of the pipe.
• Pressure at 2– Pressure at the downstream end of the pipe.
• Elevation at 1– Elevation at the upstream end of the pipe.
• Elevation at 2– Elevation at the downstream end of the pipe.

Output for pressurized pipe:

• Flow Area – Wetted area.
• Wetted Perimeter – Channel wetted perimeter.
• Hydraulic Radius – Flow area divided by the wetted perimeter.
• Velocity – Flow velocity.
• Velocity Head – Energy of flow velocity.
• Head Loss – Energy loss due to friction.
• Energy Grade at 1 – Total energy head (i.e., sum of pressure head, velocity head, and elevation head) at the upstream end.
• Energy Grade at 2 – Total energy head (i.e., sum of pressure head, velocity head, and elevation head) at the downstream end.
• Hydraulic Grade at 1 – Sum of pressure head and elevation head at the upstream end.
• Hydraulic Grade at 2 – Sum of pressure head and elevation head at the upstream end.
• Friction Slope – Slope of the head loss due to friction between sections 1 and 2.
• Discharge (Q) – Pipe flow rate.